Smallpox is an infectious disease caused by two virus virant Variola major and Variola minor .The disease also is known by its Latin name Variola or Variola vera . Smallpox localizes in small blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat. In the skin, this results in a characteristic maculopapular rash, and later, raised fluid-filled blisters. V. major produces a more serious disease and has an overall mortality rate of 30–35%. V. minor causes a milder form of disease (also known as alastrim, cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, and Cuban itch) which kills ~1% of its victims
After recover, it causes long term scarring , 65-85% blindness from corneal ulceration and probably limb deformities due to arthritis and osteomyelitis.
Its is said to be discovered at about 10000 BC. Small pox killed about 400,000 people in Europe every year in the 18th century and almost 1/3 of the people were blinded.
During the 20th century, it is estimated that smallpox was responsible for 300–500 million deaths. In the early 1950s an estimated 50 million cases of smallpox occurred in the world each year.] As recently as 1967, the World Health Organization estimated that 15 million people contracted the disease and that two million died in that year. After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in December 1979. ]To this day, smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been completely eradicated.
Wednesday, January 7, 2009
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